Deep learning is a type of machine learning that powers many of the most advanced AI systems at work today.

Deep learning uses multi-layered (deep) artificial neural networks to process data.

Unlike less sophisticated forms of machine learning, deep neural networks can learn to recognise patterns in data without any human input.

Show a deep neural network enough pictures of a cat and it will learn how to recognise a cat, by analysing the images and identifying distinctive features.

Deep learning requires huge amounts of data and processing power to work effectively.

It is estimated AI lab DeepMind spent $35 million developing its AlphaGo Zero software before its 2017 launch.

Applications of deep learning include image and speech recognition, medical diagnostics and drug discovery, robotics and fintech.

Nicole Junkermann, NJF Capital founder, presents an A-Z of Artificial Intelligence – a series of short videos focused on key areas of interest in this hugely topical and consequential field